改进阵风设计方法

回顾各种不同飞机的阵风设计方法，讨论阵风设计方法以及诸多方法所得结果的不一致性，所有这些方法应该被归纳为两种简单的易于采用的方法，该方法在本文中得到概述，一种是非常实用的时间关系法，时间关系法中所需的函数能够从这种方法中直接获得，本文的重点是确定所有重要的阵风设计严重性水平，以及实际上被忽略的阵风设计过程的主要方面，通过实例结果，给出确定这些水平的方法，同时也涉及其它的正在进行的大气紊流研究。     

C-17飞行控制系统综述

文章从满足C17设计基本要求入手，阐述了避免严重失速的机理、操纵失效概率、所有发动机停车操纵以及安全复飞要求。对综合飞行控制系统设计做了介绍。对满足上述要求的FCS特性做了描述。最后对早期的飞行试验结果作了分析。     

The structure of resting bacterial populations in soil and subsoil permafrost

The structure of individual cells in microbial populations in situ of the Arctic and Antarctic permafrost was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods and compared with that of cyst-like resting forms generated under special conditions by the non-spore-forming bacteria Arthrobacter and Micrococcus isolated from the permafrost. Electron microscopy examination of microorganisms in situ revealed several types of bacterial cells having no signs of damage, including "dwarf" curved forms similar to nanoforms. Intact bacterial cells in situ and frozen cultures of the permafrost isolates differed from vegetative cells by thickened cell walls, the altered structure of cytoplasm, and the compact nucleoid, and were similar in these features to cyst-like resting forms of non-spore-forming "permafrost" bacterial strains of Arthrobacter and Micrococcus spp. Cyst-like cells, being resistant to adverse external factors, are regarded as being responsible for survival of the non-spore-formers under prolonged exposure to subzero temperatures and can be a target to search for living microorganisms in natural environments both on the Earth and on extraterrestrial bodies.     

The first "space" vegetables have been grown in the "SVET" greenhouse using controlled environmental conditions

The paper describes the "SVET" project--a new generation of space greenhouse with small dimensions. Through the use of a minicomputer, "SVET" is fully capable of automatically operating and controlling environmental systems for higher plant growth. A number of preliminary studies have shown the radish and cabbage to be potentially important crops for CELSS (Closed Environmental Life Support System). The "SVET" space greenhouse was mounted on the "CRYSTAL" technological module docked to the Mir orbital space station on 10 June 1990. Soviet cosmonauts Balandin and Solovyov started the first experiments with the greenhouse on 15 June 1990. Preliminary results of seed cultivation over an initial 54-day period in "SVET" are presented. Morphometrical characteristics of plants brought back to Earth are given. Alteration in plant characteristics, such as growth and developmental changes, or morphological contents were noted. A crop of radish plants was harvested under microgravity conditions. Characteristics of plant environmental control parameters and an estimation of functional properties of control and regulation systems of the "SVET" greenhouse in space flight as received via telemetry data is reported.     

雷达天线系统隐身方法研究

以飞行器为载体的雷达天线系统隐身,是飞行器隐身研究的一项重要课题,文中从时域、空域、带外及正交极化、带内同极化四个方面探讨了雷达天线系统隐身的基本原理。     

民用航空与环境挑战（中）

典型的后掠翼、涡扇发动机飞机采纳了Cayley提出的将提供体积、升力、稳定性和推力功能的装置进行分离的飞机原理，优化了后掠翼布局，实现了飞机的高速有效飞行。它由在重量、强度、寿命和成本之间实现极佳平衡的材料制造而成。该飞机发动机效率接近于采用简单的焦耳循环工作的涡扇发动机效率的最大值，现在这种发动机是很有效的推进装置，因此该布局成为占主导地位的飞机布局。     

Ultraviolet-stimulated fluorescence and phosphorescence of aromatic hydrocarbons in water ice

A principal goal of astrobiology is to detect and inventory the population of organic compounds on extraterrestrial bodies. Targets of specific interest include the wealth of icy worlds that populate our Solar System. One potential technique for in situ detection of organics trapped in water ice matrices involves ultraviolet-stimulated emission from these compounds. Here, we report a preliminary investigation into the feasibility of this concept. Specifically, fluorescence and phosphorescence of pure benzene ice and 1% mixtures of benzene, toluene, p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene in water ice, respectively, were studied at temperatures ranging from ～17 K up to 160 K. Spectra were measured from 200-500 nm (50,000-20,000 cm(-1)) while ice mixtures were excited at 248.6 nm. The temperature dependence of the fluorescence and phosphorescence intensities was found to be independent of the thermal history and phase of the ice matrix in all cases examined. All phosphorescent emissions were found to decrease in intensity with increasing temperature. Similar behavior was observed for fluorescence in pure benzene, while the observed fluorescence intensity in water ices was independent of temperature.     

21世纪的舰载战斗机

概述了俄罗斯“Su-33KUB”舰载战斗教练机的产生，意义及其设计特点的改进。     

隐身技术发展综述

文章首先对隐身技术发展历程的各个阶段作了简要的介绍，并详细介绍了现今的隐身技术和未来新的隐身机理，最后对我国隐身技术的发展提出了几点建议。